Menopause is linked to reductions in grey matter volume in key brain regions as well as increased levels of anxiety and depression and difficulties with sleep, according to new research from the University of Cambridge.
The study, published today in Psychological Medicine, found that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) does not appear to mitigate these effects, though it can slow the decline in reaction times.
Data of 125 000 women from the UK Biobank was analysed, highlighting an increase in anxiety and depression in menopausal women. The study raises awareness of possible mental health symptoms exacerbated by menopause and this may help menopausal women be more transparent about cognitive challenges impacting their day to day lives.
HRT appears to put the brakes on slower reaction times linked with aging and menopause. Although a reduction in grey matter was noted in menopausal women, irrespective of whether they used HRT or not, the relevance of this finding remains to be seen. Further research is needed in this area.
Although there may be changes in grey matter volume in women with Alzheimer’s disease, this study is making no claims regarding a change in risk of Alzheimer’s disease with HRT, in line with four previously published randomised controlled trials.
The authors focus on the importance of a healthy lifestyle, including good sleep hygiene, to optimise mid-life health.
Further information about this study is available on the University of Cambridge website